當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間16日,美國(guó)商務(wù)部宣布,今后七年內(nèi),美國(guó)公司將被禁止向中興通訊銷售零部件、商品、軟件和技術(shù)。一記重拳向中興砸下。
一時(shí)間,“芯片”成了朋友圈熱詞,中興的“芯”病,讓不少國(guó)人跟著疼。
自3月23日美國(guó)總統(tǒng)特朗普宣布對(duì)中國(guó)多種商品征收懲罰性關(guān)稅以來(lái),中美貿(mào)易摩擦已歷時(shí)30天。
美國(guó)這招以“美國(guó)國(guó)家安全”為名的行動(dòng),真的只是在貿(mào)易上跟中國(guó)較勁嗎?
別有用心的禁售,其實(shí)源于美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)科技崛起的恐慌。
“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”?美國(guó)要打的是科技
《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》日前發(fā)表文章,指出兩國(guó)“貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)”的真正交火區(qū):科技領(lǐng)域。
在與中國(guó)的貿(mào)易之戰(zhàn)中,美國(guó)科技領(lǐng)域被戰(zhàn)火圍困。
文章開(kāi)篇就說(shuō),如果你認(rèn)為中美的貿(mào)易摩擦只是關(guān)于鋼鐵和大豆,那你可就得好好思考下了:
If you think the rising economic tensions between the U.S. and China are all to do with commodities like steel and soybeans, think again. The tech sector is very much in the crossfire.
如果你認(rèn)為中美之間的貿(mào)易摩擦只是與鋼鐵、大豆這樣的商品有關(guān),那你需要三思,因?yàn)榭萍碱I(lǐng)域可是交火正酣。
特朗普政府擔(dān)心的,是中國(guó)這些科企的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì):
Besides the generally negative tone of U.S.-China trade relations, the Trump administration is also worried about ZTE and Huawei’s growing technological edge: The two companies led the world in patent applications in 2017, according to the World Intellectual Property Organization.
除了中美貿(mào)易關(guān)系的消極論調(diào),特朗普政府還擔(dān)心中興和華為日漸增長(zhǎng)的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì):根據(jù)世界知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)組織消息,這兩家公司在2017年申請(qǐng)專利數(shù)領(lǐng)先世界。
美國(guó)擔(dān)憂中國(guó)科企發(fā)展5G
美國(guó)尤其擔(dān)心的是什么?文章指出:是這些科企的5G技術(shù)。這很有可能會(huì)讓美國(guó)在通訊技術(shù)上落后,未來(lái)只能依賴中國(guó)科企:
A specific concern is that their massive investment in next-generation mobile-network technology, known as 5G, could leave American wireless carriers with no choice but to use Chinese technology in future.
一個(gè)很具體的擔(dān)憂,就是他們(中興和華為)在5G上的大規(guī)模投入,這可能會(huì)使得美國(guó)的無(wú)線運(yùn)營(yíng)商在未來(lái)只能依賴中國(guó)技術(shù)。
文章稱,這與美國(guó)政府干預(yù)高通被收購(gòu)的套路是一樣的,都是擔(dān)心自身發(fā)展5G受阻:The move against ZTE is consistent with the U.S. government’s decision last month to block Singapore-based Broadcom ’s proposed takeover of Qualcomm, on the grounds it would undermine U.S. strength in 5G technology.
上月,美國(guó)政府阻撓位于新加坡的博通公司收購(gòu)高通的請(qǐng)求,理由是這會(huì)損害美國(guó)在5G技術(shù)上的優(yōu)勢(shì),這與其對(duì)中興的制裁實(shí)際是一個(gè)套路。
不滿《中國(guó)制造2025》,下手中興是想下一盤(pán)大棋
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》表示,美國(guó)早已盯著中國(guó)的2025,想在尖端技術(shù)上跟中國(guó)下一盤(pán)大棋,試圖阻止中國(guó)主導(dǎo)一些技術(shù)類行業(yè):
中國(guó)科企被禁購(gòu)買美國(guó)零件
文章寫(xiě)道:
That trade clash now centers heavily on cutting-edge technology. The Trump administration accuses China of using coercion and illicit means to obtain American technology. In particular, it has criticized an industrial plan known as Made in China 2025 that seeks to make China a world leader in industries like robotics, electric cars and medical devices.
現(xiàn)在,這場(chǎng)貿(mào)易沖突主要集中在尖端技術(shù)上。特朗普政府指責(zé)中國(guó)利用脅迫和非法手段獲取美國(guó)技術(shù),對(duì)于《中國(guó)制造2025》的工業(yè)計(jì)劃尤其不滿。該計(jì)劃尋求在機(jī)器人、電動(dòng)汽車和醫(yī)療設(shè)備等領(lǐng)域讓中國(guó)成為世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。
?In a bid to stop China from dominating these industries, the White House has proposed limiting American exports of semiconductors and advanced machinery to the country. That could happen through new investment restrictions, which are slated to be announced in the coming months.
白宮試圖阻止中國(guó)主導(dǎo)這些行業(yè),提議限制美國(guó)面向中國(guó)的半導(dǎo)體和先進(jìn)機(jī)械出口。這可能會(huì)通過(guò)新的投資限制來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn),相關(guān)限制將在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月公布。
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》也表示,中國(guó)近年來(lái),在人工智能等一些領(lǐng)域取得了相當(dāng)大的進(jìn)展:
While China has long been viewed as the lower-cost producer for technology companies in the United States, it has in recent years gained considerable ground in areas like artificial intelligence. Last year, China unveiled a plan to become the world leader in artificial intelligence and create an industry worth $150 billion to its economy by 2030.
盡管中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期被視為美國(guó)科技公司的低成本生產(chǎn)商,但近年來(lái),中國(guó)在人工智能等領(lǐng)域取得了相當(dāng)大的進(jìn)展。去年,中國(guó)公布計(jì)劃,要成為人工智能領(lǐng)域的世界領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者,到2030年將其打造成一個(gè)價(jià)值1500億美元(約合9400億元人民幣)產(chǎn)業(yè)。
美國(guó)媒體Axios也發(fā)表文章表示,這是由于對(duì)中國(guó)科技的恐慌:美國(guó)對(duì)中國(guó)科技威脅感到恐慌。
美國(guó)制裁中國(guó)科企,就真能占上風(fēng)了嗎?
傷人者必自傷,美國(guó)此番對(duì)中興出手,不少美國(guó)媒體評(píng)價(jià),那是搬起石頭,砸自己的腳!